Publications

Order by: publication date number of citations

• Towards better discrimination and improved modelling of dark-sector showers

  Andy Buckley, Deepak Kar, Sukanya Sinha

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 006 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  As no evidence for classic WIMP-based signatures of dark matter have been found at the LHC, several phenomenological studies have raised the possibility of accessing a strongly-interacting dark sector through new collider-event topologies. If dark mesons exist, their evolution and hadronization procedure are currently little constrained. They could decay promptly and result in QCD-like jet structures, even though the original decaying particles are dark sector ones; they could behave as semi-visible jets; or they could behave as completely detector-stable hadrons, in which case the final state is just the missing transverse momentum. In this contribution we will introduce a study performed to explore use of jet substructure methods to distinguish dark-sector from QCD jets in the first two scenarios, using observables in a IRC-safe linear basis, and discuss ways forward for this approach to dark-matter at the LHC.

• Implications of exclusive J/$\psi$ photoproduction in a tamed collinear factorisation approach to NLO

  Chris A. Flett, Alan D. Martin, Misha G. Ryskin, Thomas Teubner

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 005 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We discuss exclusive J/$\psi$ photoproduction, initially in conventional collinear factorisation at NLO and then subsequently in a refined approach with a programme of low x resummation and implementation of a crucial low $Q_0$ subtraction included. We compare and contrast predictions in both frameworks and remark about the possibility to constrain and ultimately determine the low x and low scale gluon PDF, emphasising the significance of this for future global PDF analyses.

• Towards the computation of inclusive decay rates using lattice QCD

  Paolo Gambino, Shoji Hashimoto, Sandro Mächler, Marco Panero, Francesco Sanfilippo, Silvano Simula, Antonio Smecca, Nazario Tantalo

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 004 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We present a non-perturbative computation of inclusive rates of semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD simulations. The calculation is based on the extraction of smeared spectral functions obtained from four-point Euclidean correlation functions computed on configuration ensembles of the JLQCD and ETM collaborations. We compare our results for the inclusive decay rates with analytical predictions from the operator-product expansion, finding a good agreement for the calculation of the inclusive decay rate. This opens the path to the theoretical determination of the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $V_{cb}$ to a level of precision competitive with the present experimental uncertainty.

• Photon-photon fusion and tau g-2 measurement in ATLAS

  Agnieszka Ogrodnik

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 003 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Relativistic heavy-ion beams at the LHC are accompanied by a large flux of equivalent photons. New measurements of exclusive dilepton production (electron, muon, and tau pairs) performed by the ATLAS experiment are discussed. We present the photon-induced production of tau pairs and constraints on the tau lepton's anomalous magnetic dipole moment. In addition, measurements of photon-induced electron and muon pair production are presented, which provide strong constraints on the nuclear photon flux and its dependence on the impact parameter and photon energy. Forward neutrons are utilised to provide an experimental handle on the impact parameter range sampled in the events.

• NLO finite system size corrections to $2\to2$ scattering in $\phi^4$ theory using newly derived sum of sinc functions

  Jean F. Du Plessis, William A. Horowitz

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 002 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Previously an equation of state for the relativistic hydrodynamics encountered in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC has been calculated using lattice gauge theory methods. This leads to a prediction of very low viscosity, due to the calculated trace anomaly. Finite system corrections to this trace anomaly could challenge this calculation, since the lattice calculation was done in an effectively infinite system. In order to verify this trace anomaly it is sensible to add phenomenologically relevant finite system corrections. We investigate massive $\phi^4$ theory with periodic boundary conditions on $n$ of the 3 spatial dimensions. $2\to2$ NLO scattering is then computed. Using a newly derived formula for an arbitrary dimensional sum of sinc functions, we show that the NLO finite size corrections preserve unitarity.

• Can quantized fragmentation replace colour reconnection models?

  Šárka Todorova-Nová

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 15, 001 (2024) · published 2 April 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  A brief overview of properties of the model of quantized fragmentation of a helical QCD string is followed by the discussion of colour reconnection models and of the ways to reproduce the evolution of the average transverse momentum in hadronic events, as function of charged particle multiplicity. Reference to recent experimental data is included.

  1 citation

• A coupling prescription for post-Newtonian corrections in quantum mechanics

  Jelle Hartong, Emil Have, Niels A. Obers, Igor Pikovski

  SciPost Phys. 16, 088 (2024) · published 27 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The interplay between quantum theory and general relativity remains one of the main challenges of modern physics. A renewed interest in the low-energy limit is driven by the prospect of new experiments that could probe this interface. Here we develop a covariant framework for expressing post-Newtonian corrections to Schrödinger's equation on arbitrary gravitational backgrounds based on a $1/c^2$ expansion of Lorentzian geometry, where $c$ is the speed of light. Our framework provides a generic coupling prescription of quantum systems to gravity that is valid in the intermediate regime between Newtonian gravity and General Relativity, and that retains the focus on geometry. At each order in $1/c^2$ this produces a nonrelativistic geometry to which quantum systems at that order couple. By considering the gauge symmetries of both the nonrelativistic geometries and the $1/c^2$ expansion of the complex Klein-Gordon field, we devise a prescription that allows us to derive the Schrödinger equation and its post-Newtonian corrections on a gravitational background order-by-order in $1/c^2$. We also demonstrate that these results can be obtained from a $1/c^2$ expansion of the complex Klein-Gordon Lagrangian. We illustrate our methods by performing the $1/c^2$ expansion of the Kerr metric up to $\mathcal{O}(c^{-2})$, which leads to a special case of the Hartle-Thorne metric. The associated Schrödinger equation captures novel and potentially measurable effects.

• Anomalies of generalized symmetries from solitonic defects

  Lakshya Bhardwaj, Mathew Bullimore, Andrea E. V. Ferrari, Sakura Schäfer-Nameki

  SciPost Phys. 16, 087 (2024) · published 26 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We propose the general idea that 't Hooft anomalies of generalized global symmetries can be understood in terms of the properties of solitonic defects, which generically are non-topological defects. The defining property of such defects is that they act as sources for background fields of generalized symmetries. 't Hooft anomalies arise when solitonic defects are charged under these generalized symmetries. We illustrate this idea for several kinds of anomalies in various spacetime dimensions. A systematic exploration is performed in 3d for 0-form, 1-form, and 2-group symmetries, whose 't Hooft anomalies are related to two special types of solitonic defects, namely vortex line defects and monopole operators. This analysis is supplemented with detailed computations of such anomalies in a large class of 3d gauge theories. Central to this computation is the determination of the gauge and 0-form charges of a variety of monopole operators: these involve standard gauge monopole operators, but also fractional gauge monopole operators, as well as monopole operators for 0-form symmetries. The charges of these monopole operators mainly receive contributions from Chern-Simons terms and fermions in the matter content. Along the way, we interpret the vanishing of the global gauge and ABJ anomalies, which are anomalies not captured by local anomaly polynomials, as the requirement that gauge monopole operators and mixed monopole operators for 0-form and gauge symmetries have non-fractional integer charges.

  1 citation

• Beyond braid statistics: Constructing a lattice model for anyons with exchange statistics intrinsic to one dimension

  Sebastian Nagies, Botao Wang, Adam C. Knapp, André Eckardt, Nathan L. Harshman

  SciPost Phys. 16, 086 (2024) · published 26 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Anyons obeying fractional exchange statistics arise naturally in two dimensions: Hard-core two-body constraints make the configuration space of particles not simply-connected. The braid group describes how topologically-inequivalent exchange paths can be associated to non-trivial geometric phases for abelian anyons. Braid-anyon exchange statistics can also be found in one dimension (1D), but this requires broken Galilean invariance to distinguish different ways for two anyons to exchange. However, recently it was shown that an alternative form of exchange statistics can occur in 1D because hard-core three-body constraints also make the configuration space not simply-connected. Instead of the braid group, the topology of exchange paths and their associated non-trivial geometric phases are described by the traid group. In this article we propose a first concrete model realizing this alternative form of anyonic exchange statistics. Starting from a bosonic lattice model that implements the desired geometric phases with number-dependent Peierls phases, we then define anyonic operators so that the kinetic energy term in the Hamiltonian becomes local and quadratic with respect to them. The ground-state of this traid-anyon-Hubbard model exhibits several indications of exchange statistics intermediate between bosons and fermions, as well as signs of emergent approximate Haldane exclusion statistics. The continuum limit results in a Galilean invariant Hamiltonian with eigenstates that correspond to previously constructed continuum wave functions for traid anyons. This provides not only an a-posteriori justification of our lattice model, but also shows that our construction serves as an intuitive approach to traid anyons, i.e. anyons intrinsic to 1D.

• Abelian combinatorial gauge symmetry

  Hongji Yu, Dmitry Green, Andrei E. Ruckenstein, Claudio Chamon

  SciPost Phys. Core 7, 014 (2024) · published 26 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Combinatorial gauge symmetry is a principle that allows us to construct lattice gauge theories with two key and distinguishing properties: a) only one- and two-body interactions are needed; and b) the symmetry is exact rather than emergent in an effective or perturbative limit. The ground state exhibits topological order for a range of parameters. This paper is a generalization of the construction to any finite Abelian group. In addition to the general mathematical construction, we present a physical implementation in superconducting wire arrays, which offers a route to the experimental realization of lattice gauge theories with static Hamiltonians.