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Fusion rules and structure constants of E-series minimal models

by Rongvoram Nivesvivat, Sylvain Ribault

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Submission summary

Authors (as registered SciPost users): Rongvoram Nivesvivat · Sylvain Ribault
Submission information
Preprint Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.14295v3  (pdf)
Date accepted: May 15, 2025
Date submitted: May 8, 2025, 8:13 a.m.
Submitted by: Nivesvivat, Rongvoram
Submitted to: SciPost Physics
Ontological classification
Academic field: Physics
Specialties:
  • High-Energy Physics - Theory
  • Mathematical Physics
Approach: Theoretical

Abstract

In the ADE classification of Virasoro minimal models, the E-series is the sparsest: their central charges c=16(pq)2pq are not dense in the half-line c(,1), due to q=12,18,30 taking only 3 values -- the Coxeter numbers of E6,E7,E8. The E-series is also the least well understood, with few known results beyond the spectrum. Here, we use a semi-analytic bootstrap approach for numerically computing 4-point correlation functions. We deduce non-chiral fusion rules, i.e. which 3-point structure constants vanish. These vanishings can be explained by constraints from null vectors, interchiral symmetry, simple currents, extended symmetries, permutations, and parity, except in one case for q=30. We conjecture that structure constants are given by a universal expression built from the double Gamma function, times polynomial functions of cos(πpq) with values in Q(cos(πq)), which we work out explicitly for q=12. We speculate on generalizing E-series minimal models to generic integer values of q, and recovering loop CFTs as p,q.

Author indications on fulfilling journal expectations

  • Provide a novel and synergetic link between different research areas.
  • Open a new pathway in an existing or a new research direction, with clear potential for multi-pronged follow-up work
  • Detail a groundbreaking theoretical/experimental/computational discovery
  • Present a breakthrough on a previously-identified and long-standing research stumbling block

List of changes

Changes according to Jiaxin Qiao's report

  1. Our numerical bootstrap results imply that the E-series minimal models' spectra always yield a unique solution to the crossing-symmetry equation. Therefore, this allows us to uniquely factorize the 4-point structure constants into the 3-point structure constants up to some field renormalizations. (This uniqueness is a numerical result, we do not have a proof.)

We have added these details at the beginning of Section 4.1.

  1. We have corrected the parity of s in last term of (1.5a) as suggested.

  2. The spectrum for the case q=12 is block-diagonal w.r.t to the Ising category whereas the spectrum for the case q=30 is block-diagonal w.r.t to the Lee-Yang category.

This has been clarified after equation (1.6).

  1. To obtain the PSU(n) CFT, we need to assume that the first Kac indices r increases as q is increased.

To make our speculation clearer, we have added the equations (1.11), (1.12), and (1.13), which speculate how to obtain the PSU(n) CFT as the non-rational limit of generalizations of E-series minimal models.

  1. We have clarified that the non-chiral fusion rules of Vd1,2 are not an assumption.

The non-chiral fusion rules of Vd1,2 can be fully determined by using the constraints from the null vectors, the crossing-symmetry equation, and the single-valuedness. Then, the resulting non-chiral fusion rules of Vd1,2 produce the primary fields that are allowed by the chiral fusion rules of R1,2.

  1. For computing the non-chiral fusion rules, the bootstrap uses the spectrum and the constraints from the null vectors (chiral fusion rules) as the only inputs. Then, we check that the resulting non-chiral fusion rules agree with the extended symmetries and the non-standard constraints in Section 2. For deducing the analytic structure constants, the inputs to the bootstrap are the non-chiral fusion rules, which reduce the number of unknowns in the crossing-symmetry equation and allow us to easily access numerical results at high-precision. All of the above has been clarified at the end of Section 1.4, after equation (1.18).

  2. See point 6.

  3. We have rewritten 2-point structure constants as simply structure constants since c1,2,2 and c1,3,3 on the table (4.9) are the structure constants of the three-point functions <V1,sV2,sV2,s and <V1,sV3,sV3,s.

Changes according to Connor Behan's report

  1. We have added the reference for the three-point functions in the A- and D-series in the second point of the 4 items on page, citing as "reference [2] and references therein".

  2. On page 3, we have itemized why the E-series minimal models are not fully solved, and we have added reference [3], which discuss how to compute the models' three-point functions on a case-by-case basis.

  3. At the end of Section 2.3 we have stated more explicitly that a simple current can be interpreted as an extended Z2 symmetry, and that Section 2.4 deals with extended symmetries that are not simple currents.

  4. We have clarified this point.

  5. We have added equations (1.11), (1.12), and (1.13) to clarified our speculation on obtaining the PSU(n) CFT as non-rational limits.

  6. On page 9, under the equation (2.7), we have clarified why we choose rq/2 except for the case q=12.

We make an exception for the case q=12 because we want all three-point functions to obey our convention for the parity constraints for any q: any allowed even coupling also comes with an allowed odd coupling.

For q=12, the case r=7 belongs to the identity sector of the extended symmetry (1.6) whereas r=5 belongs to the ϵ. This makes three-point functions for the case q=12 agree with our convention for the parity constraints.

  1. We have clarified that the convention for the parity s1+s2+s3 under the equation (2.11). For this parity, we use the notations (1.5) wherein the Kac indices si are integers for both diagonal and non-diagonal fields.

  2. We have stressed that we write the superscript e in the non-chiral fusion rules when both even and odd parities are allowed.

  3. We have explained after (4.3) why the structure constants on the table (4.9) only depends on the second indices through signs.

  4. We have corrected these typos.

Published as SciPost Phys. 18, 163 (2025)

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