Competing topological orders in three dimensions
M. Mühlhauser, K. P. Schmidt , J. Vidal, M. R. Walther
SciPost Phys. 12, 069 (2022) · published 22 February 2022
- doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.12.2.069
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Abstract
We study the competition between two different topological orders in three dimensions by considering the X-cube model and the three-dimensional toric code. The corresponding Hamiltonian can be decomposed into two commuting parts, one of which displaying a self-dual spectrum. To determine the phase diagram, we compute the high-order series expansions of the ground-state energy in all limiting cases. Apart from the topological order related to the toric code and the fractonic order related to the X-cube model, we found two new phases which are adiabatically connected to classical limits with nontrivial sub-extensive degeneracies. All phase transitions are found to be first order.
Cited by 10
Authors / Affiliations: mappings to Contributors and Organizations
See all Organizations.- 1 M. Mühlhauser,
- 1 Kai Phillip Schmidt,
- 2 Julien Vidal,
- 1 M. R. Walther
- 1 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg / University of Erlangen-Nuremberg [FAU]
- 2 Sorbonne Université / Sorbonne University