Publications

Order by: publication date number of citations

• Current stage of studies of the star configurations at intermediate energies with the use of the BINA detector

  A. Wilczek, A. Szadzinski, K. Bodek, I. Ciepal, M. Eslami-Kalantari, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, G. Khatri, St. Kistryn, B. Klos, A. Kozela, J. Kubos, P. Kulessa, A. Lobejko, A. Magiera, H. Mardanpour, J. Messchendorp, I. Mazumdar, W. Parol, A. Ramazani-Moghaddam-Aran, R. Ramazani-Sharifabadi, D. Rozpedzik, I. Skwira-Chalot, E. Stephan, B. Wloch, A. Wronska, J. Zejma

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 3, 005 (2020) · published 24 February 2020 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The Space Star Anomaly in proton-deuteron breakup cross-section occurs at energies of about 10 MeV. Data for higher energies are sparse. Therefore, a systematic scan over star configurations in the range of intermediate energies between 50 and 100 MeV/nucleon is carried out on the basis of data collected with the large acceptance BINA detector. The preliminary cross section results for forward star configurations at 80 MeV/nucleon slightly surpass the theoretical calculations, but the systematic uncertainties are still under study. Also, a new variable describing rotation of star configurations is proposed.

• Solar neutrino physics with Borexino

  Andrea Pocar, M. Agostini, K. Altenmüller, S. Appel, V. Atroshchenko, Z. Bagdasarian, D. Basilico, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, G. Bonfini, D. Bravo, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, A. Caminata, L. Cappelli, S. Caprioli, M. Carlini, P. Cavalcante, F. Cavanna, A. Chepurnov, K. Choi, L. Collica, D. D’Angelo, S. Davini, A. Derbin, X. F. Ding, A. Di Ludovico, L. Di Noto, I. Drachnev, K. Fomenko, A. Formozov, D. Franco, F. Gabriele, C. Galbiati, M. Gschwender, C. Ghiano, M. Giammarchi, A. Goretti, M. Gromov, D. Guffanti, T. Houdy, E. Hungerford, Aldo Ianni, Andrea Ianni, A. Jany, D. Jeschke, S. Kumaran, V. Kobychev, G. Korga, T. Lachenmaier, M. Laubenstein, E. Litvinovich, P. Lombardi, L. Ludhova, G. Lukyanchenko, L. Lukyanchenko, I. Machulin, G. Manuzio, S. Marcocci, J. Maricic, J. Martyn, E. Meroni, M. Meyer, L. Miramonti, M. Misiaszek, V. Muratova, B. Neumair, M. Nieslony, L. Oberauer, V. Orekhov, F. Ortica, M. Pallavicini, L. Papp, Ö. Penek, L. Pietrofaccia, N. Pilipenko, A. Porcelli, G. Raikov, G. Ranucci, A. Razeto, A. Re, M. Redchuk, A. Romani, N. Rossi, S. Rottenanger, S. Schönert, D. Semenov, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, L. F. F. Stokes, Y. Suvorov , R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, J. Thurn, E. Unzhakov, A. Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, F. von Feilitzsch, S. Weinz, M. Wojcik, M. Wurm, O. Zaimidoroga, S. Zavatarelli, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 1, 025 (2019) · published 20 February 2019 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We present the most recent solar neutrino results from the Borexino experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. In particular, refined measurements of all neutrinos produced in the {\it pp} fusion chain have been made. It is the first time that the same detector measures the entire range of solar neutrinos at once. These new data weakly favor a high-metallicity Sun. Prospects for measuring CNO solar neutrinos are also discussed.

• Wigner function analysis of finite matter-radiation systems

  Eduardo Nahmad-Achar, Ramón López-Peña, Sergio Cordero, Octavio Castaños Garza

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 14, 039 (2023) · published 24 November 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We show that the behaviour in phase space of the Wigner function associated to the electromagnetic modes carries the information of both, the entanglement properties between matter and field, and the regions in parameter space where quantum phase transitions take place. A finer classification for the continuous phase transitions is obtained through the computation of the surface of minimum fidelity.

• Confinement, mass gap and gauge symmetry in the Yang-Mills theory -- restoration of residual local gauge symmetry --

  Kei-Ichi Kondo, Naoki Fukushima

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 6, 013 (2022) · published 31 May 2022 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  In this talk we want to discuss the color confinement criterion which guarantees confinement of all colored particles including dynamical quarks and gluons. The most well-known criterion is the Kugo-Ojima color confinement criterion derived in the Lorenz gauge. However, it was pointed out that the Kugo-Ojima criterion breaks down for the Maximal Abelian gauge in which quark confinement has been verified according to the dual superconductivity caused by magnetic monopole condensations. We give the color confinement criterion based on the restoration of the residual local gauge symmetry which can be applied to the Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories as well irrespective of the compact or non-compact formulation, and enables us to understand confinement in all the cases. Indeed, the restoration of the residual local gauge symmetry which was shown by Hata in the Lorenz gauge to be equivalent to the Kugo-Ojima criterion indeed occurs in the Maximal Abelian gauge for the SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in two-, three- and four-dimensional Euclidean spacetime once the singular topological configurations of gauge fields are taken into account. This result indicates that the color confinement phase is a disordered phase caused by non-trivial topological configurations irrespective of the gauge choice.

• The functional generalization of the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation and its gauge-like symmetry

  Giorgio Torrieri

  SciPost Phys. 16, 070 (2024) · published 11 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We argue that one can model deviations from the ensemble average in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics by promoting the Boltzmann equation to an equation in terms of functionals , representing possible candidates for phase space distributions inferred from a finite observed number of degrees of freedom. We find that, provided the collision term and the Vlasov drift term are both included, a gauge-like redundancy arises which does not go away even if the functional is narrow. We argue that this effect is linked to the gauge-like symmetry found in relativistic hydrodynamics [Ann. Phys. 442, 168902 (2022)] and that it could be part of the explanation for the apparent fluid-like behavior in small systems in hadronic collisions and other strongly-coupled small systems [Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 68, 211 (2018)]. When causality and Lorentz invariance are omitted this problem can be look at via random matrix theory show, and we show that in such a case thermalization happens much more quickly than the Boltzmann equation would infer. We also sketch an algorithm to study this problem numerically.

• Stochastic field dynamics in models of spontaneous unitarity violation

  Lotte Mertens, Matthijs Wesseling, Jasper van Wezel

  SciPost Phys. Core 7, 012 (2024) · published 13 March 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Objective collapse theories propose a solution to the quantum measurement problem by predicting deviations from Schrödinger's equation that can be tested experimentally. A class of objective theories based on spontaneous unitarity violation was recently introduced, in which the stochastic field required for obtaining Born's rule does not depend on the state of the system being measured. Here, we classify possible models for the stochastic field dynamics in theories of spontaneous unitarity violation. We show that for correlated stochastic dynamics, the field must be defined on a closed manifold. In two or more dimensions, it is then always possible to find stochastic dynamics yielding Born's rule, independent of the state being measured or the correlation time of the stochastic field. We show that the models defined this way are all isomorphic to the definition on a two-sphere, which we propose to be a minimal physical model for the stochastic field in models of spontaneous unitarity violation.

• Studying mass generation for gluons

  Gernot Eichmann, Jan M. Pawlowski

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 6, 018 (2022) · published 31 May 2022 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  In covariant gauges, the gluonic mass gap in Yang-Mills theory manifests itself in the basic observation that the massless pole in the perturbative gluon propagator disappears in nonperturbative calculations, but the origin of this behavior is not yet fully understood. We summarize a recent study of the respective dynamics with Dyson-Schwinger equations in Landau-gauge Yang-Mills theory. We identify the parameter that distinguishes the massive Yang-Mills regime from the massless decoupling solutions, whose endpoint is the scaling solution. Similar to the PT-BFM scheme, we find evidence that mass generation in the transverse sector is triggered by longitudinal massless poles.

• Some rigorous results on symmetry breakings in gauge QFT

  Franco Strocchi

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 6, 021 (2022) · published 1 June 2022 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The extraordinary success of the Standard Model asks for a more rigorous control beyond the perturbative approach, which is affected by mathematical problems (interaction picture and canonical quantization, non-covergence of the perturbative series, triviality results for $\phi^4$ model and related models, etc.). We shall briefly discuss some non-perturbative results concerning the crucial role and realization of symmetry breakings in the Standard Model.

• Dynamical spin-orbit-based spin transistor

  Fahriye N. Gürsoy, P. Reck, C. Gorini, K. Richter, I. Adagideli

  SciPost Phys. 14, 060 (2023) · published 4 April 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) has been a key tool to steer and manipulate spin-dependent transport properties in two-dimensional electron gases. Here we demonstrate how spin currents can be created and efficiently read out in nano- or mesoscale conductors with time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI. Invoking an underlying non-Abelian SU(2) gauge structure we show how time-periodic spin-orbit fields give rise to spin electric forces and enable the generation of pure spin currents of the order of several hundred nano-Amperes. In a complementary way, by combining gauge transformations with "hidden" Onsager relations, we exploit spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI to convert spin currents (back) into charge currents. In combining both concepts, we devise a spin transistor that integrates efficient spin current generation, by employing dynamical SOI, with its experimentally feasible detection via conversion into charge signals. We derive general expressions for the respective spin- and charge conductance, covering large parameter regimes of SOI strength and driving frequencies, far beyond usual adiabatic approaches such as the frozen scattering matrix approximation. We check our analytical expressions and approximations with full numerical spin-dependent transport simulations and demonstrate that the predictions hold true in a wide range from low to high driving frequencies.

• Dark matter effective theory

  Joachim Brod

  SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 38 (2022) · published 31 January 2022 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  Les Houches 2021 lectures on dark matter effective field theory (short course). The aim of these two lectures is to calculate the DM-nucleus cross section for a simple example, and then generalize to the treatment of general effective interactions of spin-1/2 DM. Relativistic local operators, the heavy-DM effective theory, the chiral effective Lagrangian, and nuclear effective operators are briefly discussed.