Deriving density-matrix functionals for excited states
Julia Liebert, Christian Schilling
SciPost Phys. 14, 120 (2023) · published 19 May 2023
- doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.14.5.120
- Submissions/Reports
Abstract
We initiate the recently proposed $w$-ensemble one-particle reduced density matrix functional theory ($w$-RDMFT) by deriving the first functional approximations and illustrate how excitation energies can be calculated in practice. For this endeavour, we first study the symmetric Hubbard dimer, constituting the building block of the Hubbard model, for which we execute the Levy-Lieb constrained search. Second, due to the particular suitability of $w$-RDMFT for describing Bose-Einstein condensates, we demonstrate three conceptually different approaches for deriving the universal functional in a homogeneous Bose gas for arbitrary pair interaction in the Bogoliubov regime. Remarkably, in both systems the gradient of the functional is found to diverge repulsively at the boundary of the functional's domain, extending the recently discovered Bose-Einstein condensation force to excited states. Our findings highlight the physical relevance of the generalized exclusion principle for fermionic and bosonic mixed states and the curse of universality in functional theories.
Cited by 5
Authors / Affiliations: mappings to Contributors and Organizations
See all Organizations.- 1 2 Julia Liebert,
- 1 2 Christian Schilling
- 1 Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology [MCQST]
- 2 Arnold Sommerfeld Center / Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics [ACS]