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Exploring superconformal Yang-Mills theories through matrix Bessel kernels

Zoltan Bajnok, Bercel Boldis, Gregory P. Korchemsky

SciPost Phys. 19, 004 (2025) · published 2 July 2025

Abstract

A broad class of observables in four-dimensional N=2 and N=4 superconformal Yang-Mills theories can be exactly computed in the planar limit for arbitrary 't Hooft coupling as Fredholm determinants of integrable Bessel operators. These observables admit a unifying description through a one-parameter generating function, which possesses a determinant representation involving a matrix generalization of the Bessel operator. We analyze this generating function over a wide range of parameter values and finite 't Hooft coupling. We demonstrate that it has a well-behaved weak-coupling expansion with a finite radius of convergence. In contrast, the strong-coupling expansion exhibits factorially growing coefficients, necessitating the inclusion of non-perturbative corrections that are exponentially suppressed at strong coupling. We compute these non-perturbative corrections and observe a striking resemblance between the resulting trans-series expansion of the generating function and the partition function of a strongly coupled theory expanded in powers of a mass gap.


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