Publications

Order by: publication date number of citations

• PC-JeDi: Diffusion for particle cloud generation in high energy physics

  Matthew Leigh, Debajyoti Sengupta, Guillaume Quétant, John Andrew Raine, Knut Zoch, Tobias Golling

  SciPost Phys. 16, 018 (2024) · published 19 January 2024 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  In this paper, we present a new method to efficiently generate jets in High Energy Physics called PC-JeDi. This method utilises score-based diffusion models in conjunction with transformers which are well suited to the task of generating jets as particle clouds due to their permutation equivariance. PC-JeDi achieves competitive performance with current state-of-the-art methods across several metrics that evaluate the quality of the generated jets. Although slower than other models, due to the large number of forward passes required by diffusion models, it is still substantially faster than traditional detailed simulation. Furthermore, PC-JeDi uses conditional generation to produce jets with a desired mass and transverse momentum for two different particles, top quarks and gluons.

  6 citations

• Snowmass2021 cosmic frontier white paper: Ultraheavy particle dark matter

  Daniel Carney, Nirmal Raj, Yang Bai, Joshua Berger, Carlos Blanco, Joseph Bramante, Christopher Cappiello, Maíra Dutra, Reza Ebadi, Kristi Engel, Edward Kolb, J. Patrick Harding, Jason Kumar, Gordan Krnjaic, Rafael F. Lang, Rebecca K. Leane, Benjamin V. Lehmann, Shengchao Li, Andrew J. Long, Gopolang Mohlabeng, Ibles Olcina, Elisa Pueschel, Nicholas L. Rodd, Carsten Rott, Dipan Sengupta, Bibhushan Shakya, Ronald L. Walsworth, Shawn Westerdale

  SciPost Phys. Core 6, 075 (2023) · published 6 November 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  We outline the unique opportunities and challenges in the search for "ultraheavy" dark matter candidates with masses between roughly 10 TeV and the Planck scale $m_{\rm pl} ≈ 10^{16}$ TeV. This mass range presents a wide and relatively unexplored dark matter parameter space, with a rich space of possible models and cosmic histories. We emphasize that both current detectors and new, targeted search techniques, via both direct and indirect detection, are poised to contribute to searches for ultraheavy particle dark matter in the coming decade. We highlight the need for new developments in this space, including new analyses of current and imminent direct and indirect experiments targeting ultraheavy dark matter and development of new, ultra-sensitive detector technologies like next-generation liquid noble detectors, neutrino experiments, and specialized quantum sensing techniques.

  5 citations

• EPiC-GAN: Equivariant point cloud generation for particle jets

  Erik Buhmann, Gregor Kasieczka, Jesse Thaler

  SciPost Phys. 15, 130 (2023) · published 3 October 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  With the vast data-collecting capabilities of current and future high-energy collider experiments, there is an increasing demand for computationally efficient simulations. Generative machine learning models enable fast event generation, yet so far these approaches are largely constrained to fixed data structures and rigid detector geometries. In this paper, we introduce EPiC-GAN - equivariant point cloud generative adversarial network - which can produce point clouds of variable multiplicity. This flexible framework is based on deep sets and is well suited for simulating sprays of particles called jets. The generator and discriminator utilize multiple EPiC layers with an interpretable global latent vector. Crucially, the EPiC layers do not rely on pairwise information sharing between particles, which leads to a significant speed-up over graph- and transformer-based approaches with more complex relation diagrams. We demonstrate that EPiC-GAN scales well to large particle multiplicities and achieves high generation fidelity on benchmark jet generation tasks.

  13 citations

• Update on the angular resolution of GRAPES-3 experiment based on Moon shadow analysis

  D. Pattanaik, S. Ahmad, M. Chakraborty, S. R. Dugad, U. D. Goswami, S. K. Gupta, B. Hariharan, Y. Hayashi, P. Jagadeesan, A. Jain, P. Jain, S. Kawakami, H. Kojima, S. Mahapatra, P. K. Mohanty, R. Moharana, Y. Muraki, P. K. Nayak, T. Nonaka, A. Oshima, B. P. Pant, M. Rameez, K. Ramesh, L. V. Reddy, S. Shibata, F. Varsi, M. Zuberi

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 033 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  GRAPES-3 is an extensive air shower array located at Ooty (11.6$^\circ$N, 76.7$^\circ$E, 2200 m a.s.l.) in southern India. Recently, the angular resolution of the GRAPES-3 array has been improved by correcting the shower front curvature based on the shower size and age. Here, we present the results of the angular resolution and pointing accuracy of the array through observation of the Moon shadow. We have analyzed the data for the period of 2014-2016 containing $\sim$ 3$×$10$^9$ air shower events with a median energy of 15 TeV. A significant improvement in the angular resolution has been observed compared to the earlier analysis by the group through the Moon shadow method and is comparable to the arrays located at a 2 km higher altitude than the GRAPES-3 experiment.

• The KM3NeT infrastructure: Status and first results

  Annarita Margiotta on behalf of the KM3NeT Collaboration

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 030 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  KM3NeT is a research infrastructure in construction under the Mediterranean Sea. It hosts two large volume neutrino Cherenkov telescopes: ARCA at a depth of 3500 m, located offshore Sicily, and ORCA, 2500 m under the sea level, offshore the southern French coast. The two detectors share the same detection principle and technology and the same data acquisition design, the only difference being the geometrical arrangement of the optical sensors. This allows to span a wide range of neutrino energy and cover a large scientific program: The study of neutrino properties, first of all neutrino mass ordering, the identification and study of high energy neutrino astrophysical sources, indirect dark matter searches and core collapse supernovae detection.

• TAIGA - An advanced hybrid detector complex for astroparticle physics and high energy gamma-ray astronomy

  N. M. Budnev, I. Astapov, P. Bezyazeekov, E. Bonvech, A. Borodin, A. Bulan, D. Chernov, A. Chiavassa, A. Dyachok, A. Gafarov, A. Garmash, V. Grebenyuk, E. Gress, O. Gress, T. Gress, A. Grinyuk, O. Grishin, A. D. Ivanova, A. L. Ivanova, N. Kalmykov, V. Kindin, S. Kiryuhin, R. Kokoulin, K. Kompaniets, E. Korosteleva, V. Kozhin, E. Kravchenko, A. Kryukov, L. Kuzmichev, A. Lagutin, M. Lavrova, Y. Lemeshev, B. Lubsandorzhiev, N. Lubsandorzhiev, A. Lukanov, D. Lukyantsev, S. Malakhov, R. Mirgazov, R. Monkhoev, E. Osipova, A. Pakhorukov, L. Pankov, A. Pan, A. Panov, A. Petrukhin, I. Poddubnyi, D. Podgrudkov, V. Ponomareva, E. Popova, E. Postnikov, V. Prosin, V. Ptuskin, A. Pushnin, R. Raikin, A. Razumov, G. Rubtsov, E. Ryabov, V. Samoliga, A. Satyshev, A. Silaev, A. Silaev, A. Sidorenkov, A. Skurikhin, A. Sokolov, L. Sveshnikova, V. Tabolenko, L. Tkachev, A. Tanaev, M. Ternovoy, R. Togoo, N. Ushakov, A. Vaidyanathan, P. Volchugov, N. Volkov, D. Voronin, A. Zagorodnikov, D. Zhurov, I. Yashin

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 027 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The physical motivations, present status, main results in study of cosmic rays and in the field of gamma-ray astronomy as well future plans of the TAIGA-1 (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) project are presented. The TAIGA observatory addresses ground-based gamma-ray astronomy and astroparticle physics at energies from a few TeV to several PeV, as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV. The pilot TAIGA-1 complex is located in the Tunka valley, 50 km west from the southern tip of the lake Baikal.

• Mass testing of SiPMs for the CMVD at IICHEP

  Mamta Jangra, Raj Bhupen, Gobinda Majumder, Kiran Gothe, Mandar Saraf, Nandkishor Parmar, Bheesette Satyanarayana, Ravindra R. Shinde, Shobha K. Rao, Suresh S. Upadhya, Vivek M. Datar, Douglas A. Glenzinski, Alan Bross, Anna Pla-Dalmau, Vishnu V. Zutshi, Robert Craig Group, Edmond Craig Dukes

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 025 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  A Cosmic Muon Veto Detector (CMVD) is being built around the mini-Iron Calorimeter (mini-ICAL) detector at the transit campus of the India based Neutrino Observatory, Madurai. The CMV detector will be made using extruded plastic scintillators with embedded wavelength shifting (WLS) fibres which propagate re-emitted photons of longer wavelengths to silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs). The SiPMs detect these scintillation photons, producing electronic signals. The design goal for the cosmic muon veto efficiency of the CMV is $>$99.99% and fake veto rate less than 10$^{-5}$. A testing system was developed, using an LED driver, to measure the noise rate and gain of each SiPM, and thus determine its overvoltage ($V_{ov}$). This paper describes the test results and the analysed characteristics of about 3.5k SiPMs.

• India based neutrino observatory, physics reach and status report

  D. Indumathi

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 024 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a proposed underground facility located in India that will primarily house the magnetised Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector to study atmospheric neutrinos produced by interactions of cosmic rays with Earth's atmosphere. The physics goal is to to make precision measurements of the neutrino mixing and oscillation parameters through such a study. We present here the results from detailed simulations studies, as well as a status report on the project. In particular, we highlight the sensitivity of ICAL to the open issue of the neutrino mass ordering, which can be determined independent of the CP phase at ICAL.

• DEASA studies and applications to space physics and muon tomography

  Sonali Bhatnagar

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 023 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The high energy cosmic rays entering the Earth’s atmosphere throw light upon many aspects of Astroparticle and Particle Physics. This work outlines investigative learning about these high energy primaries based on a mini array DEASA in Agra, India. DEASA (Dayalbagh Educational Air Shower Array) consists of eight plastic scintillators each with an area of 1 square meter. This array covers an area of 260 square meters and is the first array in the northern part of our country. A real-life application of these highly energetic particles has been to find the best material to protect the astronaut from them in form of galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Geant4 based hadronic binary model was used in simulation of phantom, vehicle, SEP (Solar Energetic Particles) and GCR shield. The SEP shielding material was fixed as water and GCR shield was varied among aluminum, Polystyrene and Polyethylene. The poly materials were found to be the best due to large amount of hydrogen (H) and low atomic number (Z). In this work the equivalent dose deposited in the phantom with Polystyrene material for GCR shield was calculated to be minimum (107 sievert) as compared to the other materials. In the second application, the high energy muons have been studied to image nuclear caskets through muon tomography. In this Monte Carlo based simulation, a dry cask container containing different number of the UO2 rods have been bombarded with definite energy muons to measure the muon scattering . The parameters computed in this work are energy loss, radiation length and scattering angle which can calibrate these containers for correct identification of nuclear wastage.

• ALICE at the LHC and astrophysics: From providing input for the search for antinuclei in space to constraining the equation of state of neutron stars

  Alexander Kalweit on behalf of the ALICE collaboration

  SciPost Phys. Proc. 13, 022 (2023) · published 29 September 2023 | Toggle abstract · pdf

  The ALICE experiment at the LHC was originally designed to study the creation of the quark-gluon-plasma in heavy-ion collisions, a new state of matter in which quarks and gluons are not confined into hadrons. More recently, the versatility of both the Large Hadron Collider and the ALICE apparatus have given additionally access to a unique set of nuclear and hadronic physics measurements. The main results from this new and dynamic research area will be presented. The application of these findings to astrophysical challenges, ranging from the equation of state of neutron stars to the search for dark matter in space, will be discussed.