Twisted and untwisted negativity spectrum of free fermions
Hassan Shapourian, Paola Ruggiero, Shinsei Ryu, Pasquale Calabrese
SciPost Phys. 7, 037 (2019) · published 25 September 2019
- doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.7.3.037
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Abstract
A basic diagnostic of entanglement in mixed quantum states is known as the positive partial transpose (PT) criterion. Such criterion is based on the observation that the spectrum of the partially transposed density matrix of an entangled state contains negative eigenvalues, in turn, used to define an entanglement measure called the logarithmic negativity. Despite the great success of logarithmic negativity in characterizing bosonic many-body systems, generalizing the operation of PT to fermionic systems remained a technical challenge until recently when a more natural definition of PT for fermions that accounts for the Fermi statistics has been put forward. In this paper, we study the many-body spectrum of the reduced density matrix of two adjacent intervals for one-dimensional free fermions after applying the fermionic PT. We show that in general there is a freedom in the definition of such operation which leads to two different definitions of PT: the resulting density matrix is Hermitian in one case, while it becomes pseudo-Hermitian in the other case. Using the path-integral formalism, we analytically compute the leading order term of the moments in both cases and derive the distribution of the corresponding eigenvalues over the complex plane. We further verify our analytical findings by checking them against numerical lattice calculations.
Cited by 57
Authors / Affiliations: mappings to Contributors and Organizations
See all Organizations.- 1 Hassan Shapourian,
- 2 Paola Ruggiero,
- 1 Shinsei Ryu,
- 2 3 Pasquale Calabrese
- 1 University of Chicago [UC]
- 2 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (presso la SISSA) / National Institute of Nuclear Physics (at SISSA) [INFN at SISSA]
- 3 Centro Internazionale di Fisica Teorica Abdus Salam / Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics [ICTP]
- European Research Council [ERC]
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) (through Organization: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare / National Institute for Nuclear Physics [INFN])
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara (through Organization: Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics [KITP])
- National Science Foundation [NSF]
- Simons Foundation